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Anti-wear additives are agents added to lubricants, to protect mating surfaces against excessive friction wear.
Introduction of additives for lubricants aims at improving the lubricating properties and reducing the friction coefficient. This group of products is also called as AW additives (anti-wear).
Effect of the AW additives involves the adsorption of a thin layer of polar molecules of the additive onto a metal surface. The resulting coating adheres to the metal by intermolecular forces (Van der Waals force). Additive molecules arrange themselves by adhering with their “heads” to the metal surface, and leaving the hydrophobic “tail” to face the lubricant, thus forming an oil film.
Metal surfaces protected in such a way have limited direct contact with each other, which prevents their wear. Layers of the additive particles, situated between two metal surfaces, form a system of two brushes that facilitate mutual displacement of elements, and reduce friction in the system.
Anti-wear additives are used in industrial oils such as oils for gear boxes, turbines, hydraulic systems and compressors, as well as in automotive oils.
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Przemysław Kanikowski
email: iod.rokita@pcc.eu
